Hypertension is not a sentence. Medicine is constantly evolving, scientists are finding new ways to treat hypertension, which allow patients with high blood pressure to live a full life for a long time without serious consequences. Diagnosis plays an important role in the treatment of hypertension. There are several types of hypertension that require special therapy. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after a comprehensive examination. Do not leave high blood pressure unattended. All signs of hypertension require medical attention.
Stages of hypertension
Hypertension develops in stages, so it is common to distinguish three stages of the disease:
- 1 stage of hypertension- the disease takes place in a mild form, the pressure rises within 140 / 90-160 / 100 mm Hg. Art. The pressure rises briefly and normalizes without taking antihypertensives. In phase 1, the first symptoms may appear: headache, tinnitus, sleep disorders, worsening of performance, dizziness, nosebleeds.
- 2nd stage- disease of moderate severity. The pressure rises to 160/100 - 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains elevated before taking an antihypertensive drug. Dizziness and migraine are accompanied by heart pain.
- 3rd stage- severe hypertension. The pressure rises above 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains constantly high even during sleep and rest. Against the background of high blood pressure, a hypertensive crisis develops.
Hypertension is a disease of large cities. The bigger the city, the more likely you are to become a victim of hypertension. Mistake is a high level of psycho-emotional stress.
Is it possible to get rid of hypertension and pressure surges?
Heart attacks and strokes are the cause of almost 70% of all deaths in the world. Seven out of ten people die from clogged arteries of the heart or brain. In almost all cases, the reason for such a terrible end is the same - pressure surges due to hypertension.
The pressure can and should be lowered, there is no other way. But it does not cure the disease itself, but only helps to fight the consequences, not the cause of the disease.
Symptoms - when to see a doctor
Hypertension is often asymptomatic, and a person becomes aware of the presence of the disease in the second or third stage, when it is more difficult to cure hypertension. It is necessary to carefully monitor all changes in the body so as not to miss the first messengers of hypertension:
- rapid overwork;
- memory impairment;
- severe headache of a pulsating nature;
- dizziness;
- sleep disorders;
- black flies before the eyes;
- hyperemia;
- arrhythmia;
- heart pain;
- trembling limbs;
- zimica;
- hyperhidrosis.
These are all symptoms of high blood pressure. In this condition, medical intervention is needed.
Reasons for the development of pathology
The main reason for the development of the disease doctors call a genetic predisposition. Other causes of high blood pressure:
- frequent stress;
- excess weight;
- high cholesterol;
- excessive alcohol consumption;
- smoking;
- diseases of the nervous, endocrine system, hypothalamus;
- predominantly sedentary lifestyle;
- kidney disease;
- hypoxia;
- consuming salty foods;
- menopausal period;
- exposure to loud noise.
Many causes of hypertension lie in an unhealthy lifestyle.
An integrated approach in the treatment of hypertension
To normalize blood pressure, doctors recommend adjusting your lifestyle. It is necessary to establish a regime, give up bad habits, bring the body mass index in line with the norm. An important point will be diet and salt rejection.
Recommendations for work schedule:
- reduce the load;
- refuse night or extra shifts;
- take time during the working day for a little rest;
- establish a regime of sleep and rest;
- move more.
Comprehensive treatment of hypertension includes the appointment of antihypertensive drugs. Drug treatment is prescribed by a attending physician after examination and diagnosis. In hypertension, it is important to get rid of the root cause of the disease. Treatment of arterial hypertension is selected according to indications, age, concomitant diagnoses.
Clinical guidelines
Treatment of hypertension without medication:
- weight loss;
- dietary foods with the exception of animal fats;
- reducing salt intake to 5 grams per day;
- rejection of smoked food, sausages, salted fish;
- inclusion in the diet of foods containing potassium and magnesium: legumes, baked potatoes, dried fruits, pomegranates, oatmeal, buckwheat, millet, walnuts;
- reduction of alcohol consumption to 30 grams in men and 15 grams in women, beer and red wine should be completely excluded;
- quit smoking;
- reduction of physical activity;
- reducing the impact of stressful situations;
- taking sedatives;
- complete sleep.
If non-drug therapy does not bring results, the doctor adds medication:
- angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors;
- diuretic drugs;
- beta-blockers;
- calcium channel blockers.
Means for the treatment of hypertension are selected by the doctor according to the indications. If monotherapy does not work, the doctor will add an additional drug from another pharmacological group. Complex treatment involves a combination of two or three antihypertensive drugs.
Effective antihypertensive tablets
At a young age, blood pressure returns quickly. But with age, it becomes increasingly difficult to normalize blood pressure readings. When taking a large number of drugs, addiction develops, withdrawal syndrome occurs, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Patients with hypertension often have to take antihypertensives for life.
Important notes
The patient will need to be treated for hypertension for life. Antihypertensives normalize blood pressure readings, but must be continued to avoid a sudden spike in blood pressure. A sharp rise in pressure is dangerous, it can cause irreversible changes in the body, including heart attack and stroke.
The treatment regimen for hypertension is prescribed by a physician after a comprehensive examination according to the indications. It is important to adhere to all the regulations of specialists, adhere to the diet of patients with hypertension and change your lifestyle. An integrated approach to the treatment of arterial hypertension yields good results.
Hypertension treatment regimens often include several antihypertensive drugs. Combinatorial treatment brings faster and better results. Most often, doctors use a combination of two or three drugs from different pharmacological groups. When prescribing drugs, the doctor checks drug interactions and compatibility. In combination therapy, drugs are prescribed in minimal doses.
Hypertension can be caused by a variety of external and internal factors, so combination therapy from different pharmacological groups has a complex effect. In most cases, antihypertensives are not addictive. They are prescribed for long-term use in order to normalize the patient's condition for a long time. Some drugs must be taken for life.
Treatment of hypertension with medication is prescribed by a doctor after examination. When taking medication it is necessary to strictly follow the prescriptions of experts in order to achieve the required hypotensive effect without unwanted side effects of the organism.
You cannot take hypertension medication just as directed. Hypertension requires individual treatment. To do this, the doctor conducts a comprehensive examination, and then selects only the course of treatment of hypertension. When prescribing the drug, the doctor checks the compatibility of the drug, contraindications and warns of possible side effects. You do not have to be afraid of all the side effects listed in the instructions. Most reactions occur in exceptional cases. Antihypertensives are well accepted by patients.
In case of hypertension, you must take the tablets daily. The frequency of administration depends on the type of drug. Short-acting drugs quickly reduce blood pressure, but do not last longer than 4 hours. You will need 4 to 6 tablets a day. Long-acting drugs help in one day, so it is enough to take one tablet in the morning and forget about high blood pressure.
It is impossible to change the dose or the prescribed course of therapy on your own. This can lead to complications or stroke.
Regular therapy is a prerequisite for normalizing blood pressure and reducing the risk of hypertensive crisis. Alternative recipes for the treatment of hypertension are also suitable, but it is necessary to warn the doctor about all methods of treating hypertension. You can take herbal preparations or infusions only after consulting a specialist.
Alternative methods for lowering blood pressure
Not only drug therapy but also alternative methods are used to treat hypertension. You can reduce the pressure in hypertension with the help of herbal medicine, natural infusions and folk recipes for pressure that are passed down from generation to generation.
Drug-free treatment methods are based on the healing properties of various foods and plants:
- Honey. To lower blood pressure, prepare decoctions, mixtures, infusions of honey mixed with other herbs, berries, vegetables, fruits. Tinctures with honey of wild rose, mountain ash, viburnum, raisins, prunes, dried apricots, hawthorn will be effective.
- Kalina. To normalize the work of the cardiovascular system, viburnum berries are eaten raw together with seeds. To lower blood pressure, you can make a warm drink from viburnum: berries with seeds are poured over boiling water, left in a thermos for a few hours, and then drunk with sugar or honey.
- Black and red rowan. You will need 1 kg of berries and 700 g of sugar. The berries must be crushed and mixed with sugar. The sweet composition is taken twice a day for 100 grams. You can cook a medicinal syrup of mountain ash with sugar, which you need to drink three times a day, 1 tbsp. l.
Recipes for lowering blood pressure:
- Red beet juice with honey. Mix honey with beet juice in equal proportions. Drink the resulting tincture no more than five times a day, 2 tbsp. l.
- Cranberry juice with honey. Mix honey with cranberry juice in equal proportions. The resulting composition is taken three times a day for 1 tbsp. l. 20-30 minutes before meals.
- Decoction of viburnum with honey. Crush 100 grams of viburnum berries, add 100 grams of buckwheat honey, boil. Cool the soup, then drink 1 tablespoon three times a day. l.
- Tincture of vegetables and honey. You will need 200 grams of carrot juice, beets, 100 grams of cranberry juice, 200 grams of honey and 100 ml of alcohol. Mix the ingredients, insist for three days and take 1 tbsp. l. three times a day.
- Mineral water drink with honey and lemon. Mix honey, mineral water, lemon juice. The resulting drink should be consumed 1 glass per day. The duration of therapy is 7-10 days.
- Drink with hawthorn berries. 100 grams of hawthorn berries should be cleaned of seeds and poured with 2 cups of cold drinking water. Leave overnight. In the morning, boil the drink and strain it. The duration of therapy is 1 month.
- Potato decoction. Peel a squash, grate it and boil it. Take 2 glasses a day.
With high blood pressure, doctors recommend giving up salty, spicy, smoked, fatty foods. Confectionery should be replaced with dried fruit.
Measures to prevent hypertension
To maintain normal blood pressure, follow these simple guidelines:
- reduce the amount of salt consumed to 5 grams or completely abandon salty foods: salt retains fluid, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure;
- reduce the consumption of animal fats, cholesterol products: the list of restrictions includes fatty meats, fats, caviar, eggs, mayonnaise products, rich products, margarine, butter, ice cream, confectionery;
- discard caffeinated beverages: these are strong black tea, coffee, cola, pepsi, energy drinks;
- increase the intake of foods containing potassium and magnesium: minerals have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, reduce vascular spasms; lots of potassium in citrus fruits, potatoes, rye bread, legumes, dried fruits, radishes, white cabbage, bananas, black currants, garlic, asparagus, parsley, carrots, cucumbers; magnesium can be found in buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, chocolate, nuts, beets;
- increase the consumption of ascorbic acid: vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, fruits, berries, you must eat food raw; a lot of ascorbic acid is found in citrus fruits, black currants, wild roses, sea buckthorn.
In the initial stage, it is not difficult to cure hypertension. The main thing is to contact an expert in time. Persistent hypertension is more difficult to treat, requires complex therapy and regular blood pressure measurements. Therapy is prescribed exclusively by a doctor according to the indications. If left untreated in later stages, it can lead to cerebrovascular infarction or heart attack.